Automatic pump for internal-combustion engines.



Patented Aug. 9, 1910.

R. W. J. SMITH.

APPLIOATIOF I'ILED'DEO.15,1908.

AUTOMATIO'PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' //v 01109 RUB WII. MI'I.H

ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT oEEToE ROBERT w. J. SMITH, or TERBELL, TEXAs, ASSIGNOR or onE-EoUnTH To JOHN o.

ANDERSON AND oNEmoUnTH To noBEnT J. sown, oF EnnELL, TEXAS.

AUTOMATIG PUMP FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented A11g..'9, 1910,

application he December 15, 1902. Serial no. 467,664.

To allwho'm it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT WV. J. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Terrell, in the county of Kaufman and State of Texas, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic-Pumps for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in,

internal combustion engines, and it consists in the constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of my invention is to provide a device in which the cleaning of the cylinder of its residual gases or products of combustion remainlng 1s accomplished automatically.

A further object of my invention is to prof vide means for the introduction into the cylinder of the engine, of an explosive charge of gas for driving the piston and a stream of air through the same inlet port for scavenging or cleaning the cylinder, these operations following each other in regular sequence. a

A further object ofmy inventionis to pro- I vide a pump of comparatively slmpleconstruction for carrying out the operations, de-

scribed above.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification and the novel I features of the invention will. be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

y invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a sectional view of the pump-mechanism and the cylinder, together with the passages for gas and air. Fig. 2

- shows a section through-the cylinder along the -iine 2-2'of' Fig. 1.. v

In the drawings I have shown a pump as applied to one type of internal'combustion engine. In order to render the explanation of the working of the device as clear as pos sible I have only shown so much of the parts.

' Oil lll'l engine proper as is immediately connecttd'or concerned with the pump, such as thepi ston, cylinder and the main shaftzof the engine. 1 y

Referring now particularly to Fig. 1, A.

. denotes the cylinder of the engine which is closed at oneend and open at the other. The upper end B of the cylinder Aconjstitutes the .expllosion chamber and is provided with i a spar ing device 0 of the ordinary form.

attached at the end of the piston rod Within the cylinder is the piston This consists of a hollow cylinder having an in ternal lug or head 03 to which the piston rod E is pivotally attached. The piston D fits snugly within the cylinder and is provided with the usual packing e. The cylinder A is provided with the inlet port a and the 7 outlet or exhaust port a t The pump casing consists of a main portion F and a reduced portion G. The two passages H and J communicatewith the inlet a and with the interior of the casing F by means of the openings h and j.

Within the casing F is disposed a piston M. This piston isof the same general shape as the exterior casing, being made of a hollow cylinder havir .g a reduced portion m at one end, and having at its other end. an integral sleeve or cylinder m At one side of the main portion of the hollow piston M is a port m while on the opposite side is a passage wa whose function will be explained later. The pistonM fits closely withinthe casing F. Between the reduced portion m ofthe piston M and the reduced portion Gr of the casing is a spiral spring which bears upon the interior. ofthe upper end of l the casingG at one end, and at its other end on the upper side of the piston M. The sleeve or hollow extension on is arranged to move backand forth in an opening in the casing and is provided with the stuffing box m Within thehollow piston M is a second piston P. This consists of a circular plafie t e latter fitting closely within the interi or of the hollow sleeve m and being provided with the packing gland 2?. Attached to the upper side of the piston head P is a cylindrical valve casing V, the lower part of which is provided with a flange arranged to fitin an annular groove in the piston head and to be held thereto by means of screws, the upper edge of the flange being flush with the upper surface of the piston head as. clearly shown in the drawing. Between the valve casing V and the interior of the reduced portion on of the piston M is a spiral spring S, which bears upon the top of the piston P.

Disposed within the valve casing V is'the valve-W. The latter consists ofa hollow cylinder having a head at one end arran" ed to close the'opening o. The reduced en iio I is being started. The movementof the serves as a guide for the cylindrical valve which is normally held against the opening by means of the spiral spring 8, which bears at its lower end upon the end of the piston 5 rod, as clearly shown in the drawing. The two ports 19* permit communication between the interior of the valve casing V and the space underneath the piston P.

The vaporizer is shown at X and an inlet opening 00 leading therefrom communicates with the interior of the casing F. At the bottom of the hollow casing F is a small' valve casing U containing a valve to normally held closed by a spring u. The valve casing U communicates with the interior of the casing F by means of the port u Secured to the exterior of the cylinder A is a guide Y through which a push rodZ is arranged to reciprocate. The push rod Z is actuated by means of the rod N and the eccentric I on the main shaft K of the engine. 'The rod N'is pivotally secured to an arm 2 extending laterally from the push rod Z so that as the shaft K turns the push rod is 1 caused to move up and down in the guide member Y. This rod is located directly 1n line with the piston rod 32 of the piston P so that it may engage the latter at every revolution of the shaft. l From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device the operation thereof may be readily understood. Let us assume that the engine piston D is in the position shown in Fig, land that the engine 1ston D past the exhaust port a permits the spent gasesto escape to the atmosphere, at the same time uncovering the inlet port a on the opposite side of the cylinder. The

, turning of the ,shaftK draws down the push rod Z and allows the downward movement of the pistons M and P, which are moved together by means of the spring 0. The air in the space 7'" underneath the piston M, is

forced through the opening j into the passage J and as soon as the piston D has gone far enough to uncover the sport a, this air is suddenly permitted to, enter I the cylinder, thereby driving out all the spent gases through the exhaust port. .As soon as the upper end of the passage m coincides with the passage h, the inner piston P moves downwardly under the action of the spring S, the gas underneath the cylinder P in the space p" being driven out through the passage m opening hand the pasage H and into the chamber B through the inlet port a,

. being deflected toward the upper part of the chamber B by means of the fin d on the piston D. As the piston P descends the combustible gas from the vaporizer X is sucked through the ports :20 and m into the space above the piston P and the inner surface of the top of the piston M. As .the

shaft of the eng ne continues to revolve the piston D is driven. upwardly again, thereby closing the,po1ts a and a and compressing the chargeof gas in the explosion chamber B. At the same time the push rod is moving upwardly and eventually strikes the lower end of the plunger p, driving .the piston P upwardly, but leaving the piston M in its lower position. The charge of gas which is above the piston P when the latter first begins to make its upward "movement, is now forced through the opening 1: past the valve IV and through the orts 12* to the under side of the piston P. Vi hen the latter comes in contact with the interior surface of the piston M, itcarriesthe latter upward, thereby 3O compressing the spring 0. As the two pistons-move upwardly air is sucked in past the valve u and through the port a into the space y' underneath the piston It will be noted that this brings us to the beginning of the cycle where the piston D is about to make its downward movement. It will also be noted that at this point the space j underneath the piston M is filled with air, while the space p" underneath, the piston P is filled with the explosive mixture. As the piston moves downwardly again the air is compressed in the space j? and is permitted to rush into the cylinder B to clean the latter before the ignition charge is permitted to 5 enter through the same port.

It will thus-be seen that I have provided an eificient mechanism for cleaning the cylinder of 'a combustion engine after every explosion, and for admitting a char e of the gas or vapor in regular sequence fo lowing such cleaning. The mechanism described constitutes in fact a double acting pump with means for pumping air and an explosive charge alternately into the cylinder.

I am aware that other forms of the device based upon the same general idea might be made but I consider as my own and desire to. claim all suchv modifications as fairly fall withinthe spirit and scope of the invention.

1. In an internal combustion engine, an engine cylinder provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, a piston in said. cylinder, a pump comprising a casing and a pair of relatlvely movable pistons, one of said pistons being disposed within the other, passages connecting said casing with the inlet port of said engine cylinder, one of said passages communicating with the space beneath the outer piston, the other of said passages being adapted to be brought into communication with the space beneath the interior piston by a movement of the outer piston.

2. In an internal combustion engine, an engine cylinder provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, a piston in said cylinder, a hollow casing, a pair of pistons disposed therein, one of said pistons being located within the other piston, passages for air and the hollow piston, a passage through the within said casing, said hollow piston being for an explosive charge connecting said casing with saidiinlet port, an air passage communicating with the space beneath the outer piston, and the passage for the explosive charge being arranged to be brought into communicatlon with the space beneath the inner piston, an air valve for admitting air into the space underneath the outer piston and means foradmitting an explosive charge into the space underneath the inner piston.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a pump casing, passages for air and an explosive charge connecting said cylinder with said pump casing, a hollow piston within said pump casing, said air passage communicating with the space beneath wall of said'hollow pistonarranged to register with the passage for the explosive charge in certain positions of the hollow piston, a second piston within said hollow piston, means for admitting an explosive charge above said second piston, a valve in said second piston for admitting the explosive charge into the space below the second piston'and means for admitting air into the space below the hollow piston.

4. In an internal combustion engine, an engine cylinder provided with an inlet and an outlet port, a'piston disposed within said cylinder, a hollow casing, passages for air and an explosive charge connecting'said casing with the inlet, a hollow piston disposed provided with a passage in its walls adapted to establish communication between the interior of the piston and said explosive charge passage, a coiled spring arranged to bear on said piston, a second piston disposed within said hollow piston, means for actuating said second pls'ton, said means 1nclud1ng a piston rod and a spring, said hollow piston being Jointly actuated by the engagement of the second piston and by said coiled spring, means for admitting "an explosive charge underneath the second piston, and means for admitting air underneath the hollowvpiston.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, provided with an inlet and an outlet port, a p on arranged to reciprocate in said cylinder, a hollow casing, a hollow pis ton within said casing, a second piston within said hollow piston, an air inlet port communicating with the interior of said casing, a charge inlet port arranged to be brought into communication. with the interior of said hollow piston, a passage for air communicating with the interior-of the casing and with the engine cylinder, a passage for an explosive charge communicating with said cylinder and arranged to be brought into communication with the interior of said 1101 low piston, the said apparatus comprising means for sucking in alternate charges of explosive mixture and of air and for forcmg them alternately through then respect1ve passages into the engine cylinder.

ROBERT WV. -J. MITH.

Witnesses:

Row. L. WARREN, J. C. MORGAN. 

